Jerusalem - The Dome of the Rock

The Dome of the Rock was built by the Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan between 687 and 691. As such, it is considered one of the oldest and most important works of Islamic architecture. The structure has an octagonal plan and a large dome in the center. Its interior is richly decorated with Quranic verses, gold mosaics, and geometric ornamentation.

The "Suspended Stone" (Holy Rock) in the center of the structure is considered significant in both Islamic and Jewish tradition. Muslims believe this is the place where the Prophet Muhammad ascended to heaven on the night of the Miraj. For Jews, this rock is associated with the site of the ancient Great Temple.

The Dome of the Rock has gone through different periods throughout history. During the Crusades (in 1099), the structure was converted into a church, a cross was added to its dome, and changes were made to the interior. However, after Saladin's reconquest of Jerusalem in 1187, most of these changes were reversed, and the structure was restored to its Islamic identity.

There is a widespread belief among the people that the Suspended Stone is suspended in the air. Evliya Çelebi also made interesting descriptions of this rock in his Seyahatname (Book of Travels). However, today, since the rock is located inside the structure, it does not appear to be suspended in the air from the outside.

Today, the Dome of the Rock is of great importance not only religiously but also architecturally and historically. A symbol of Jerusalem, this structure is considered one of the best-preserved examples of early Islamic art. It should not be confused with Al-Aqsa Mosque.

The Jerusalem Project was prepared with contributions from 360TR, STD24, and Aykut İnce.